Machinability Analysis of AISI 4140: A Comparison Between Dry, Flood, and Vegetable Oil-Based EMQL Machining Performance
Authors :- Raval, P.; Makhesana, M.A.; Gajrani, K.K.; Khanna, N.
Publication :- Advances and Futuristic Trends in Machining Volume—I. AIMTDR-2023, Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 2025
During machining, the generated heat is mainly dissipated by using traditional cutting fluids. Nevertheless, they negatively influence the health of the workers and the environment. The use of the electrostatic minimum quantity lubrication (EMQL) approach is drawing attention in the metal cutting industries for better machining performance when working with materials with low machinability, such as AISI 4140. The current work compares the performance of dry, flood, and EMQL techniques when turning AISI 4140 at high speeds. The machining responses in terms of progressive tool wear, surface roughness (Ra), and power consumption are analyzed while considering specific machining environments (dry, flood, and EMQL). The finding revealed the efficacy of EMQL approach compared to flood cooling and dry machining. The increased tool wear of 9.43 and 43.77% for flood and dry machining is resulted compared to EMQL machining. Considering the findings, the presented EMQL approach can be a viable alternative compared to flood cooling to improve machining performance.